Rabies, also known as mad dog disease, is an acute direct-contact infectious disease common to humans and all warm-blooded animals. The prominent symptoms of affected dogs are agitation, abnormal behavior, drooling, loss of consciousness, and progressive paralysis. Dogs infected at the same time Intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions appear in neurons.

【Pathogens and Epidemiology】

1. Pathogen:

The pathogen is rabies virus, which is mainly transmitted through wounds on the skin and mucous membranes. There are also reports of infection through the respiratory tract through aerosol and through the digestive tract by accidentally eating the meat of sick animals.

2. Source of infection:

Virus-carrying dogs and cats are the main sources of rabies infection in humans and animals. After the virus invades the animal body, it mainly exists in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, oblongata and spinal cord. Salivary glands and saliva also contain a large amount of viruses and are excreted with the saliva.

​3. Susceptible animals:

Canines and felines are highly susceptible to rabies virus

4. Popular features:

This disease is widely prevalent in wild animals around the world. Wild animals are reservoirs and natural sources of disease that spread the disease in nature.

【Symptoms】

After being infected with rabies virus, the incubation period of dogs, cats and humans is similar, with an average of 20 to 60 days, ranging from several months to several years, and as short as only one week. According to clinical characteristics, it is divided into violent type and paralytic type.

1. Violent type: She is depressed at the beginning of the disease, likes to lie in dark places, likes to eat foreign objects, has increased saliva, and has weak hindquarters. This lasts for about 1 to 2 days, which is called the prodromal stage; then she becomes excited and violent, and her eyesight Staring, dilated pupils, wandering around, often attacking people and animals, barking hoarsely, drooling at the mouth, lasts for about 2 to 4 days, which is called the excitement period; after that, the mandible droops, the mouth opens and drools, walking shakes, weight loss and dehydration, and eventually the whole body Death due to failure and respiratory center paralysis takes about 1 to 2 days, which is called the paralysis period.

2. Paralytic type: Because the excitement period is very short, the main symptoms of paralysis include opening the mouth, drooping the tongue, drooling, and progressing from partial paralysis of the head and hindquarters to paralysis of the limbs and the whole body, mostly in the Death occurs within 1 to 2 days. The symptoms in cats are similar to those in dogs, with the violent type being more common. It has sudden aggressive behavior when people approach it, and often attacks people on the head. Therefore, special attention should be paid to cats that meet the characteristics of this disease.

【Diagnosis】

According to the diseased animalsA preliminary diagnosis can be made based on clinical features such as violent restlessness, mouth opening and drooling, active attacks on people and animals, and later movement disorder. Combined with sporadic symptoms and a history of bites, a preliminary diagnosis can be made. Laboratory diagnosis of rabies mainly uses ELISA detection kits, which can qualitatively detect rabies antigens and detect serum antibody levels in suspected animals.

【Prognosis】

Once symptoms of this disease appear, the fatality rate is 100%.

【Prevention】

At present, the qualified vaccines for the prevention of this disease announced by the Ministry of Agriculture of my country are the "canine five-link live vaccine" from Jilin Wuxing Animal Health Pharmaceutical Factory, the "live rabies vaccine" from Zhengzhou Biopharmaceutical Factory and Vic Pharmaceuticals of France, and the Dutch Intervet International Co., Ltd.’s “Inactivated Rabies Vaccine for Dogs and Cats”. The usage method of "Canine Pentavalent Live Vaccine" is the same as the canine distemper preventive injection method mentioned above. The method of use of the "inactivated dog and cat rabies vaccine" of the Dutch company Intervet is to vaccinate dogs and cats after they are 3 weeks old. The protection rate can reach 100% and the protection period is 3 years.