Diagnosis and treatment of feline viral enteritis, correct understanding of feline intestinal diseases! In July 2015, our hospital cured feline viral enteritis. Based on the clinical symptoms and epidemiological investigation of the affected animals, combined with the treatment effect, a preliminary diagnosis was made It is viral enteritis caused by canine microvirus (MCV) infection. Since there are few cases of feline viral enteritis caused by this virus, this article will share with you the diagnosis and treatment of this case.

1. Situation of the sick animals

The cat is an ordinary domestic cat. It receives the imported cat triple vaccine every year. It has no history of infectious diseases and is in good nutritional status. The body is strong and the cubs were just bred last year.

Figure 1 The sick cat is depressed

2. Clinical symptoms

The sick cat has a sudden onset of symptoms and begins to show sticky, sticky symptoms. She developed loose stools and bloody stools the next day. The stools were tomato juice-like with blood and a fishy smell. She was depressed and had decreased appetite. She then refused to eat. When she came to the hospital for a physical examination, her body temperature was above 40 degrees Celsius and her mucous membranes were pale. No pathogenic bacteria were found in stool sampling and culture, and the white blood cells in routine blood tests were below 5.

Figure 2 Bloody feces passed by a sick cat

3. Diagnostic impression

According to epidemiological investigation results and clinical symptoms of sick animals Based on the symptoms and treatment effects of sick animals, as well as the identification and analysis of several suspicious virus characteristics, MVC virus infection was initially suspected.

MVC is a member of the Bocavirus family of the genus Parvovirus. Currently known members of Bocavirus include bovine Bocavirus, canine Bocavirus, human Bocavirus, and the newly identified porcine Bocavirus, as well as new Bocavirus members found in orangutans, cats, dogs, and California sea lions. There is data confirming that MCV can cause disease in cats. In terms of viral properties, antisera against CPV cannot neutralize MCV, but antisera against MCV cannot neutralize CPV. CPV is closely related to FPL in terms of antigenicity. Both FPL's attenuated vaccine and inactivated vaccine can protect dogs against the strong virus of CPV. Theoretically, cats immunized with FPL should no longer develop CPV disease. In addition, serum neutralization, hemagglutination inhibition and immunofluorescence tests clearly showed the close relationship between CPV and FPL viruses. In previous work, I have encountered similar diseases and used CPV and CDV hyperimmune serum for treatment, but no therapeutic effect was seen. This characteristic may also be one of the reasons why CPV-like infections appear in clinically CPV-immunized animals, and such infections are most likely to be MVC infections.

4. Clinical treatment

The treatment principles are mainly anti-viral, hemostatic, maintaining body fluid balance and preventing infection.

Rx: intravenous infusion

5% glucose injection 100ml + ampicillinLinsulbactam sodium 0.5g

5% glucose injection 100ml + ATP20mg + CoA100u + Vc0.25g

10% glucose injection 50ml + hemostasis 0.5g

5% bicarbonate Sodium 10ml

Intramuscular injection

Polymyocyte (interferon) 2mg

Treatment once a day for 5 consecutive days.

Oral administration

Gentamicin 40,000 u

During the treatment, pay close attention to the changes in the animal's condition. If the body temperature exceeds 39.5 degrees Celsius, intramuscularly inject 1 ml of Bupleurum. , the effect of intramuscular injection of compound ammonia barbiturate above 40 degrees Celsius is better. Animals will generally vomit during the treatment. If the vomiting is severe, metoclopramide may be injected intramuscularly to stop vomiting. Atropine may also be injected to stop vomiting. After the animal refuses to eat for 4 days, in order to ensure the necessary metabolic requirements of the animal's body, add 100 ml of 5% glucose injection and one water-soluble vitamin injection to the infusion. Try to feed the animal after 3 days of treatment. You can use the cat food, Miaoxianbao, snacks, etc. that the animal usually likes to eat to stimulate the animal's appetite. If the animal has vomiting behavior, delay feeding, but follow up in time on energy supplement. You can Give appropriate amino acid and other infusion supplements.

5. Disease prevention

MVC has strong resistance to the outside world and is extremely contagious. Once the disease occurs, the sick cat should be quickly isolated, and the feeding equipment, utensils, and transportation vehicles contaminated by the sick cat should be strictly disinfected. The disinfectant can be 3% sodium hydroxide, bleaching powder, hydrogen peroxide, etc. Ultraviolet irradiation can be used for machine disinfection. Healthy animals cannot be kept in a poisonous environment for half a month. People who have close contact with sick cats should strictly pay attention to their own disinfection measures to avoid indirect infection of other animals.

Vaccine immunization is the fundamental measure to prevent MCV. However, immune failure cannot be ruled out, which is related to vaccine quality and immune interference. The main reasons are improper selection of vaccine strains and interference from maternal antibodies. The vaccine should be an imported vaccine with reliable quality. The first vaccination time is generally considered to be around 45 days of age. Considering that kittens are also susceptible to the age before 10 weeks, the vaccine should be injected early, and the six-part vaccine should be injected at 60 days of age. Inject the six-combination vaccine once every 2 weeks for 3 consecutive times, and then be vaccinated once a year.

6. Treatment experience

6.1 Clinically, it is found that cats or dogs excrete dark gray-white porridge-like stools. If the food type factor can be ruled out, suspicion should be made first. For viral infectious diseases, broad-spectrum antiviral drugs combined with anti-inflammatory drugs should be used in a timely and sufficient amount. The early application of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs can significantly shorten the course of treatment and improve the clinical cure rate.

6.2 Use hemostatic drugs early. When viral enteritis occurs in cats and canines, gastrointestinal bleeding occurs quickly. In some medical records, bleeding occurs on the second day after onset.Smell that smells like rotten tomatoes. Therefore, the application of hemostatic drugs at the onset of the disease is also of decisive significance in the treatment of this disease.

6.3 The importance of maintaining body fluid and electrolyte balance. During the onset of this disease, vomiting and diarrhea are common typical symptoms, so the loss of body fluids is mainly in the gastrointestinal tract, and is mainly hypotonic dehydration or isotonic dehydration. For liquid preparation, an isotonic solution of sugar, salt, and alkali can be prepared in a ratio of 2:2:1 to avoid hyperchloric acidosis.

6.4 In order to prevent other concurrent infections and neutralize toxins in the body during treatment, appropriate antibiotics and intravenous injection of a large amount of Vc have a certain effect on controlling infection, preventing shock, and neutralizing toxins in the body.