Causes of pyometra in dogs

Microbial infection

Certain bacteria in the normal flora in the vagina are the most common causes of uterine infection. The bacterium most commonly isolated from cases of pyometra is Escherichia coli. In addition, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, Proteus and other bacteria can also be isolated. When endometrial cystic hyperplasia occurs, the uterine resistance is reduced, making it easier for pathogenic bacteria to invade and multiply, causing endometritis, suppuration, and pyometra, such as mating infections.

Caused by endocrine factors

Pyometra is mostly caused by the long-term effect of high concentrations of progesterone on the endometrium. High concentrations of progesterone can promote endometrial hyperplasia and reduce the resistance of uterine muscles. Mobility. Due to the stimulation of progesterone, the number and volume of uterine glands increase, and the secretion function is strengthened, which increases the accumulation of fluid in the uterus and provides good conditions for the growth of bacteria. At the same time, progesterone can also inhibit the role of white blood cells in resisting bacterial infection. Therefore, endometritis in dogs can easily lead to pyometra. Pyometra can also be transferred from suppurative mastitis and suppuration in other parts of the body. This disease can also occur if you have long-term ovarian cysts, ovarian tumors, unicornuate uterus, pseudopregnancy, and long-term stimulation of estrogen or progesterone. The occurrence of pyometra in dogs is also related to the use of progesterone. The disease can also occur in the remaining uterine tissue after ovariohysterectomy. Estrogen can enhance the stimulating effect of progesterone on the uterus. Administration of exogenous estrogens during estrus may increase the risk of developing pyometra. Therefore, injecting estrogen as a contraceptive method is not recommended.

Unstable estrous cycles

Older bitches have an increased chance of endometrial infection due to unstable estrous cycles.

How to prevent pyometra in dogs

Neutering is the only and most effective way.