The fatal cause of isoniazid

Isoniazid is inactivated by acetylation in the liver, which can cause liver damage. At the same time, isoniazid can combine with vitamin B6 in the body to form isoniazid, which is excreted in the urine. The production of the inhibitory transmitter γ-aminobutyric acid in the brain is reduced, causing central overexcitation, leading to limb tremors and convulsions, causing epilepsy. Frequent convulsions, hypoxia, etc. aggravate cerebral edema, and finally cause respiratory failure, shock, and arrhythmia attacks. There are reports in the literature that it can also cause acute rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria, as well as severe renal tubular necrosis in dogs.

Symptoms of isoniazid poisoning

Emergency treatment methods for isoniazid poisoning

For dogs with isoniazid poisoning The main treatment, and the key to greatly improving the success rate, is intravenous injection of pyridoxine (vitamin B6). The literature shows that the success rate is 29 times higher than that of dogs without pyridoxine injection. Large doses of vitamin B6 can accelerate the acetylation and inactivation of isoniazid, and prevent central nervous system metabolic disorders caused by the reduction of γ-aminobutyric acid caused by isoniazid.
The total dose of vitamin B6 is significantly related to the recovery time of consciousness, suggesting that the dose should be larger on the first day. Some studies suggest that vitamin B6 and isoniazid should be used in equal doses. It is recommended that the dose should be 5-10 minutes after intoxication. Give an equal dose of vitamin B 6 (1 mg corresponds to 1 mg) intravenously. If the amount of medication is unknown, it is recommended that the dosage of vitamin B 6 can reach 100 mg per kilogram in the first time, and the above can be repeated every 5-20 minutes. The dosage is until the convulsions are relieved. The general specification of vitamin B6 injection is 100 mg per vial, so the amount of intravenous injection is 1 vial per kilogram.
If intravenous administration is not possible, this dose or even a larger dose can be taken orally as soon as possible. The general specification of vitamin B6 drugs is 10 mg per tablet. Therefore, the dose during poisoning can reach 10 mg per kilogram. Tablet B6. Vitamin B6 is relatively safe, and short-term high-dose side effects are not serious.