Cat vestibular syndrome is a common clinical neurological syndrome in small animals, with various causes. From the perspective of pathogenic source, it can be divided into central and peripheral. At the same time, it also includes congenital and acquired diseases. It is a disease of cat body balance disorder caused by central damage to the vestibular nerve nucleus located in the medulla oblongata and partial damage to the vestibular nerve of the eighth cranial nerve.

1. Vestibular diseases include primary or secondary diseases

Primary ones include:

1. Feline vestibular syndrome: acute, idiopathic, non-progressive vestibular disease. Idiopathic disease, presumed to be caused by Cuterebra fly larvae.

2. Congenital vestibular syndrome: loss of hearing, decreased vision, persistent head tilt or tremor, horizontal eye tremor and other laboratory tests without characteristic changes.

Secondary ones include:

　① Secondary to tumor

　②Central or cerebellar vestibular disease

3. The causes of peripheral vestibular syndrome include:

① Idiopathic vestibular syndrome; ② Inner ear infection; ③ Nasopharyngeal polyps; ④ Hypothyroidism; ⑤ Tumors, including squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and lymphoma; ⑥ Drug-induced ototoxicity.

2. Metabolic diseases

Portal vein short circuit: the condition worsens after meals. Visual impairment, blind movement, depression, lethargy. Occasionally, hind limb spasms, blind movements, intermittent panting, poor appetite, drooling, and sudden loss of vision are seen. The BUN biochemical test value of PSS patients is lower than the reference value, the test values ​​of ALT and ALP are in the normal range or on the high side, and the blood nitrogen concentration is significantly increased. There are uric acid crystals in the urine. X-ray examination shows that the liver is small.

3. Endocrine diseases

Hyperthyroidism: excessive eating, drinking, and urination, excitement, muscle tremors, whining, weakness, hypertensive retinal detachment, and blindness.

　1. The possibility of being caused by Cuterebra fly larvae is extremely small, and feline vestibular syndrome can be ruled out

2. The retina is intact, there is no excitement, and there are no symptoms of hyperthyroidism such as excessive eating and urination, so it can be ruled out.

3. The blood ammonia test values ​​are within the normal range, there is no salivation, and the symptoms are not related to eating. Portal vein short circuit can be ruled out

4. The symptoms of central cerebellar disease are not obvious, and secondary vestibular diseases can be ruled out

5. The blood test is within the normal range and can rule out infectious diseases such as Listeria.

IV. Idiopathic vestibular disorders

One of the main types of vestibular syndrome, pure vestibular symptoms, acute balance imbalance, significant head tilt, judgment impairment, movement disorders,There are no other symptoms. There is no age limit for the onset of the disease in cats. Symptoms often appear in late summer and early autumn. The initial symptoms appear suddenly and then become significantly weaker. It is easy to be misdiagnosed as convulsions and strokes. This symptom should be distinguished from simple otitis media.

Five. Treatment methods

For diseases associated with infection, antibiotics and corticosteroids are used while treating the primary disease. For traumatic injuries, a small amount of sedatives can be given to suppress inflammation for a short period of time, and a small amount of corticosteroids can also be used.

In cases of otitis interna, corticosteroids may cause purulent ulcers and are prohibited from use. Caused by Toxoplasma gondii, sulfonamide preparations can be used.

The recovery from this disease varies depending on the cause and severity of the disease. There are more congenital or pre-cancerous diseases with good prognosis. Infectious, neoplastic, B vitamin deficient and traumatic cases vary from case to case.