Infertility in male dogs refers to the inability to ejaculate during mating, or the semen discharged has no sperm, dead sperm, sperm deformities, or a low survival rate that cannot fertilize the egg. So what are the causes of male dog infertility?

Australian Shepherd

1. Causes of infertility in male dogs:

Compared with female dog infertility, the causes of male dog infertility are more complicated.

1. High temperature stress. When the temperature of the testicles rises to the same as body temperature, the sperm in it will lose viability. If the temperature of the testicles rises for a longer time, the testicles will lose their ability to produce sperm.

2. Local anemia. When testicular torsion occurs, the blood supply to the testicle will be greatly reduced, causing severe anemia, thereby affecting the testicular spermatogenesis. In addition, reduced arterial flow in halo pills, even for a short period of time, can damage more than half of the cells that produce testosterone.

3. Autoimmunity. When the testicles are damaged, the sperm overflows, causing the autoimmune system to produce antibodies, which sensitizes white blood cells and causes a local immune response. The combination of antigen and antibody greatly reduces the ability of fertilization.

4. Poisoning by chemical substances. For example, zinc can cause severe necrosis of testicular interstitial cells and seminiferous tubules; drugs such as chloroglycerol and alkyl compounds (chlorambucil, amine phosphate) can cause pathological changes in the testicles and epididymis; both sexes Mycin B, estrogen, and anti-estrogens can cause testicular atrophy; anti-tumor mitogens such as phosphatideamine and vinblastine can inhibit testicular cell division.

5. Hormone imbalance. In hyperthyroidism, the spermatogenic capacity of the testicles decreases; changes in the adrenal gland hormone content can affect the functions of the pituitary gland and testicles; tumors in the hypothalamus or pituitary gland reduce the production and release of gonadotropins, which can cause testicular degeneration and atrophy.

6. Scrotal dermatitis. The scrotal skin of dogs is very sensitive and can easily cause inflammation when stimulated by trauma or chemical substances. Scrotal dermatitis can lead to sperm abnormalities, such as poor motility, increased sperm count with curling tails and cyclocephaly.

7. Excessive sexual intercourse can reduce fertility.

8. Changes in the environment. Can have reversible adverse effects on male dog fertility.

9. Tumor. Seminoma, podicular cell tumor and Leydig cell tumor can all reduce testicular spermatogenesis.

10. Testicular duct obstruction. It often occurs in orchitis and epididymitis.

11. Age. That is, aging infertility. The diagnosis of infertility includes medical history investigation and systemic examination, semen quality examination, testicular biopsy, hormone examination, sexual behavior observation, etc.

12. Bilateral cryptorchidism in dogs can also affect fertility, but even if they can be fertile, the editor does not recommend breeding dogs with cryptorchidism.It's hereditary.