Dogs are an extremely close "friend" of humans. But now rabies is the acute infectious disease with the highest case fatality rate in humans so far. Once it develops, the case fatality rate is as high as 100%. Symptoms of rabies include fear of water, fear of wind, excitement, pharyngeal muscle spasm, salivation, progressive paralysis, and finally death due to respiratory and circulatory failure. Many friends don’t know what to do after being scratched and bleeding by a dog. Today, the editor will bring you how to deal with a scratch and bleeding by a dog.

What should you do if your dog scratches you and bleeds?

1. Rabies vaccine injection: In principle, the earlier the better, the time for the first injection of rabies vaccine is currently used. The refined rabies vaccine and purified rabies vaccine concentrated rabies vaccine have been eliminated. The whole process is five injections, according to 1, 3, and 7 , 14 and 28 days each injection.

2. Application of interferon: For patients with serious injuries or injuries to the head, face, neck, hands, etc., or injuries to more than three parts of the body at the same time, as well as injuries to the mucous membrane or sucking the wound with the mouth, or failure to receive the first dose of rabies vaccine within 48 hours of injury. If the patient is immunized against rabies, interferon should be added at the same time.

3. Application of antibiotics: Generally, antibiotics can be taken orally for mild or moderate animal injuries to prevent bacterial infection in the wound; for those with serious injuries or those with serious wound contamination and a tendency to infection, intravenous antibiotics should be given to control the infection as soon as possible or Prevent the occurrence of infection.

4. After being bitten by a dog, the wound should be treated strictly within two hours. You can use acupuncture to prick the skin around the wound and try your best to squeeze out the bleeding or use a cupping cup to pull out the poison. Then rinse with 20% soapy water or 0.1% chlormethionine for half an hour, and then rinse with plenty of water. Then use soju or 5% iodine or 75% alcohol to repeatedly cauterize the wound.

5. If the wound is close to the head, anti-rabies immune serum should be used for infiltration injection in or around the wound, and the rabies vaccine should be vaccinated as soon as possible. If the injury is serious, anti-rabies immune serum should be added at the same time, and tetanus antitoxin or toxoid should be given as needed.

6. If the rabies vaccine cannot be injected immediately after being bitten by a dog, if the time of being bitten is within 10 days, regular rabies vaccination should be carried out. Even if a long time has passed, rabies vaccination should still be actively carried out, and anti-rabies immune serum or immune globulin should be injected at the same time. The dose of rabies vaccine for children is the same as for adults. If the rabies vaccine is injected a long time after being bitten, it is unlikely to prevent the onset of rabies. Therefore, rabies vaccination is generally not performed after several months after being bitten by a dog.

If you are scratched by a dog, you should pay attention to your diet:

For patients who are bitten, it is forbidden to use corticosteroids, drink alcohol, drink strong tea and eat irritating food during the period of rabies vaccination. Avoid excessive fatigue and catching cold, colds, to reduce reactions. Vitamins and anti-infective drugs can be given at the same time. At the same time, in order to avoid immune interference, try not to vaccinate with other vaccines during the rabies vaccine injection period. Before injection, the vaccine liquid in the ampoule should be shaken into a uniform suspension, and the vaccine liquid system should be put into a syringe through aseptic operation before injecting. There are no serious adverse reactions after rabies vaccination.