Cat

Interpretation of radiographic images of cat abdomen, cat health! For cats, the abdominal cavity is a huge area, which contains most of the systems and organs of the body, so for cats, the abdominal cavity is Examination is not just as simple as palpation and auscultation. Radiographic examination is helpful to better judge the disease and to view the development of the disease in an intuitive way.

1. Changes in volume

Volume changes mainly manifest as an increase or decrease in the volume of internal organs compared to normal. The reasons for the increase in organ size may be swelling, hyperplasia, and hypertrophy of tissues and organs, and the occurrence of tumors, cysts, hematomas, abscesses, emphysema, or fluid accumulation in the organs. This will make the diseased organ larger than normal, sometimes several times larger, causing changes in the position or shape of tissues or organs adjacent to the diseased organ. The reduction in size may be due to congenital underdevelopment of the organs or atrophy of the organs due to disease.

2. Changes in position

Changes in position indicate abnormal displacement of internal organs. Except for the jejunum, which is relatively free, the positions of other organs in the abdominal cavity are relatively fixed. Most of the causes of displacement are due to the movement of lesions in adjacent tissues and organs. For example, retrograde gastric displacement is often caused by liver enlargement or the movement of liver tumors or cysts. On the contrary, gastric forward displacement may be caused by liver atrophy, diaphragm rupture, or enlargement of organs behind the stomach such as the spleen or pancreas.

3. Changes in morphological outline

Changes in morphological outline are manifested as deformation of internal organs. Any deformation beyond the physiological range of luminal organs such as the stomach, intestines, bladder, uterus, and parenchymal organs such as liver, spleen, and kidneys is a sign of disease. Types of deformation include changes in geometry, changes in surface shape, and changes in the morphology of the mucosa of hollow organs. For example, the posterior edge of the liver becomes blunt and rounded after hepatomegaly; the surface of the liver is irregular in cirrhosis and liver tumors; the direct sign of gastric ulcer is the niche shadow during barium feeding; in bladder tumors, the result of positive cystography is Mucosal filling defect.

4. Changes in Density

Changes in abdominal density are manifested as increased density or decreased density, and can be manifested as widespread or localized density changes. Extensive increased density is common in peritoneal effusion, peritonitis, and peritoneal tumors. X-ray films show extensive increased density of soft tissue shadows, and the outline of intra-abdominal organs is unclear. Localized increased density in the abdomen is common in tumors or enlargements of abdominal organs, and appears as localized high-density soft tissue shadows on X-rays. If there are calcifications (calcification of abdominal lymph nodes) or organ stones (gallstones, kidney stones or bladder stones) in the abdominal cavity, they will appear as high-density foreign body shadows. Low-density shadows in the abdomen can be seen in gastric and intestinal gas, and pneumoperitoneum caused by various reasons. It should be noted that under normal circumstances, some gas remains more or less in the digestive tract, which also appears as low-density shadows. In actual work, it should be distinguished from pathological shadows.

5. Precautions

1. During abdominal X-ray examination, multiple positions should be used and the application of different imaging techniques should be used, otherwise the diagnosis may be missed. . For example, if the foreign body in the stomach is highly radiolucent, the image of the foreign body may be obscured by the food and gas in the stomach during single-position photography.

2. Pay attention to the differential diagnosis of different diseases, such as the identification of abdominal masses and ascites. Abdominal masses are space-occupying X-ray images, while ascites is a high-density homogeneous image. Abdominal organs such as intestines and Floating in it.

3. Pay attention to the normal position of the abdominal nipple, which can easily be misdiagnosed as ureteral stones.

4. Functional disorders of tissues and organs are difficult to show in plain X-ray films. It is often necessary to use contrast techniques and ultrasound imaging to show certain details of the abdominal organs.