The causes of canine osteitis:

1. Exogenous infection. Most cases of osteomyelitis are infected through this route. Pathogenic bacteria infect bone tissue through wounds or surgical incisions. Seen after bite wounds, deep stab wounds, gunshot wounds, open fractures, bone orthopedic surgeries, etc. that directly damage the bone.

2. Infection can also be caused by the spread of purulent inflammation in the soft tissue around the bone.

3. Blood-borne infection mainly occurs in young dogs. It is an infection caused by the transfer of pathogenic bacteria from infection foci in other parts of the body to bone tissue through blood circulation. Common primary infections include umbilical corditis, pneumonia, gastroenteritis, arthritis, etc.

Preventive measures for canine osteitis:

1. Use sufficient antibiotics throughout the body of sick dogs. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are used in the initial stage of the disease and are continued until 1 week after the inflammation disappears.

2. If there is a local abscess or if the medication is ineffective for several days, the wound should be expanded to drain the pus, and flushing and drainage should be performed. If there is suspected medullary empyema, surgery should be performed to drill through the bone cortex to drain the pus and reduce pressure. If probing or X-ray examination reveals a "sequestrum" or cavity, surgical removal of the sequestrum will occur.

3. If the internal fixation of the fracture is infected, the internal fixation material should not be removed. If the fixation is unstable, the fixation should be strengthened.

4. For dogs with chronic osteomyelitis, systemic medication and local treatment should be adhered to.

5. For those who cannot control inflammation or prevent the spread of inflammation, if it is in the limbs, amputation of the lesion may be considered.